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Prophalangopsidae

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Prophalangopsidae
Temporal range: Early Jurassic – Present
Cyphoderris buckelli
Pycnophlebia speciosa, a Jurassic species
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Orthoptera
Suborder: Ensifera
Superfamily: Hagloidea
Family: Prophalangopsidae
Kirby, 1906
Genera

Extant genera:
Aboilomimus
Cyphoderris
Paracyphoderris
Prophalangopsis
Tarragoilus

The family Prophalangopsidae are insects belonging to the order Orthoptera. They are the only extant members of the superfamily Hagloidea. There is only one extant genus in North America, where they are known as grigs, four genera in Asia, and many extinct genera (see below).

The earliest fossils of the family date to the Early Jurassic around 200 million years ago, and the family exhibited great diversity between the Middle Jurassic and the Early Cretaceous, with their fossil record after that time being sparse.[1]

The closest living relatives to the Prophalangopsidae are the family Tettigoniidae (katydids or bush-crickets), but the evolutionary split occurred more than 230 million years ago in the Permian.[2][3]

The female of the species consumes the wings of the male during mating.[4]

Haglidae is often used as a synonym of the family,[5] but is used to refer to a distinct grouping of extinct hagloids by paleontologists.[6]

Subfamilies and genera

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The Orthoptera Species File lists the following:[7] Archibald, Gu, and Mathewes (2022) removed the genera †Albertoilus and †Palaeorehnia from the family, moving them to a revised †Palaeorehniidae which they considered unplaced as to superfamily.[8]

References

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  1. ^ Gu, Jun-Jie; Qiao, Ge-Xia; Ren, Dong (July 2010). "Revision and New Taxa of Fossil Prophalangopsidae (Orthoptera: Ensifera)". Journal of Orthoptera Research. 19 (1): 41–56. doi:10.1665/034.019.0110. ISSN 1082-6467.
  2. ^ "Family Prophalangopsidae hump-winged grigs". Retrieved 31 Dec 2014.
  3. ^ "Family Prophalangopsidae (hump-winged grigs) in North America north of Mexico". Retrieved 31 Dec 2014.
  4. ^ "The First Time". National Geographic. 227 (1): 20. January 2015.
  5. ^ Ower, Geoffrey D.; Judge, Kevin A.; Steiger, Sandra; Caron, Kyle J.; Smith, Rebecca A.; Hunt, John; Sakaluk, Scott K. (August 2013). "Multivariate sexual selection on male song structure in wild populations of sagebrush crickets, Cyphoderris strepitans (Orthoptera: Haglidae)". Ecology and Evolution. 3 (10): 3590–4103. Bibcode:2013EcoEv...3.3590O. doi:10.1002/ece3.736. PMC 3797502. PMID 24223293.
  6. ^ Gu, Jun-Jie; Yang, Xin; Huang, Rong; Yang, Guijun; Yue, Yanli; Ren, Dong (2021-04-22). "New species and material of Hagloidea (Insecta, Ensifera) from the Yanliao biota of China". ZooKeys (1033): 183–190. Bibcode:2021ZooK.1033..183G. doi:10.3897/zookeys.1033.63571. ISSN 1313-2970. PMC 8084857. PMID 33958925.
  7. ^ Orthoptera Species File: Prophalangopsidae Kirby, 1906 (retrieved 5 January 2018)
  8. ^ Archibald, S. B.; Gu, J.-J.; Mathewes, R. W. (2022). "The Palaeorehniidae (Orthoptera, Ensifera, "Zeuneropterinae"), and new taxa from the early Eocene Okanagan Highlands, western North America". Zootaxa. 5100 (4): 559–572. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5100.4.6. PMID 35391059.
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